I read that but you actually can translate them and the last response was
“Thank you, I was able to reproduce this behavior on a sandbox as well.
I am currently discussing this with our team and will update you once there is news.”
I did the permalink save thing, i used different themes.
WPML also investigates as they could reproduce it.
https://wpml.org/forums/topic/topic-archive-page-of-translated-sites-donw-show-any-topic/
I did set it up correctly, you wish i can give you a admin access to the site, it is only a test site because i have the same Problem on my Main page. I thought it was due to customizing but seems to be another issue.
https://forza-bvb.de/topics
language switcher is in the footer